Search results for " sociali"

Mixed company : a framework for understanding the composition and organization of mixed‐species animal groups

2020

Mixed‐species animal groups (MSGs) are widely acknowledged to increase predator avoidance and foraging efficiency, among other benefits, and thereby increase participants' fitness. Diversity in MSG composition ranges from two to 70 species of very similar or completely different phenotypes. Yet consistency in organization is also observable in that one or a few species usually have disproportionate importance for MSG formation and/or maintenance. We propose a two‐dimensional framework for understanding this diversity and consistency, concentrating on the types of interactions possible between two individuals, usually of different species. One axis represents the similarity of benefit types …

Dynamic longitudinal behavior in animals exposed to chronic social defeat stress

2020

AbstractChronic social defeat (CSD) can lead to impairments in social interaction and other behaviors that are supposed to model features of major depressive disorder (MDD). Not all animals subjected to CSD, however, develop these impairments, and maintained social interaction in some animals is widely used as a model for resilience to stress-induced mental dysfunctions. So far, animals have mainly been studied shortly (24 hours and 7 days) after CSD exposure and longitudinal development of behavioral phenotypes in individual animals has been mostly neglected. We have analyzed social interaction and novel object recognition behavior of stressed mice at different time points after CSD and ha…

Social stress during adolescence activates long-term microglia inflammation insult in reward processing nuclei

2018

The experience of social stress during adolescence is associated with higher vulnerability to drug use. Increases in the acquisition of cocaine self-administration, in the escalation of cocaine-seeking behavior, and in the conditioned rewarding effects of cocaine have been observed in rodents exposed to repeated social defeat (RSD). In addition, prolonged or severe stress induces a proinflammatory state with microglial activation and increased cytokine production. The aim of the present work was to describe the long-term effects induced by RSD during adolescence on the neuroinflammatory response and synaptic structure by evaluating different glial and neuronal markers. In addition to an inc…

Vitellogenin-like A–associated shifts in social cue responsiveness regulate behavioral task specialization in an ant

2018

Division of labor and task specialization explain the success of human and insect societies. Social insect colonies are characterized by division of labor, with workers specializing in brood care early and foraging later in life. Theory posits that this task switching requires shifts in responsiveness to task-related cues, yet experimental evidence is weak. Here, we show that a Vitellogenin (Vg) ortholog identified in an RNAseq study on the ant T. longispinosus is involved in this process: using phylogenetic analyses of Vg and Vg-like genes, we firstly show that this candidate gene does not cluster with the intensively studied honey bee Vg but falls into a separate Vg-like A cluster. Second…

Indomethacin counteracts the effects of chronic social defeat stress on emotional but not recognition memory in mice

2017

We have previously observed the impairing effects of chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) on emotional memory in mice. Given the relation between stress and inflammatory processes, we sought to study the effectiveness of the anti-inflammatory indomethacin in reversing the detrimental effects of CSDS on emotional memory in mice. The effects of CSDS and indomethacin on recognition memory were also evaluated. Male CD1 mice were randomly divided into four groups: non-stressed + saline (NS+SAL); non-stressed + indomethacin (NS+IND); stressed + saline (S+SAL); and stressed + indomethacin (S+IND). Stressed animals were exposed to a daily 10 min agonistic confrontation (CSDS) for 20 days. All subjec…

Developmental programming of somatic growth, behavior and endocannabinoid metabolism by variation of early postnatal nutrition in a cross-fostering m…

2017

Background Nutrient deprivation during early development has been associated with the predisposition to metabolic disorders in adulthood. Considering its interaction with metabolism, appetite and behavior, the endocannabinoid (eCB) system represents a promising target of developmental programming. Methods By cross-fostering and variation of litter size, early postnatal nutrition of CB6F1-hybrid mice was controlled during the lactation period (3, 6, or 10 pups/mother). After weaning and redistribution at P21, all pups received standard chow ad libitum. Gene expression analyses (liver, visceral fat, hypothalamus) were performed at P50, eCB concentrations were determined in liver and visceral …

Indomethacin blocks the increased conditioned rewarding effects of cocaine induced by repeated social defeat

2018

It is well established that repeated social defeat stress can induce negative long-term consequences such as increased anxiety-like behavior and enhances the reinforcing effect of psychostimulants in rodents. In the current study, we evaluated how the immune system may play a role in these long-term effects of stress. A total of 148 OF1 mice were divided into different experimental groups according to stress condition (exploration or social defeat) and pre-treatment (saline, 5 or 10 mg/kg of the anti-inflammatory indomethacin) before each social defeat or exploration episode. Three weeks after the last social defeat, anxiety was evaluated using an elevated plus maze paradigm. After this tes…

Searching for the human factor : psychology, power and ideology in Hungary during the early Kádár period

2016

1985. Los Gobiernos socialistas de la I legislatura (28 junio 1983/10 junio 1987). Mayoría absoluta

2014

El primer Consell socialista de Joan Lerma se formaría el 28 junio 1983. El 27 julio 1985 se producía la primera remodelación. Acabado el acto de investidura, el presidente Joan Lerma nombró su primer Consell. Cesó a los miembros del Consell provenientes de la UCD, y mantuvo en el primer Consell autonómico a los consellers del Gobierno preautonómico de concentración anterior: a Felipe Guardiola Sellés, vicepresidente y conseller de Gobernación; Ciprià Císcar Casabán, Cultura, Educación y Ciencia; y Segundo Bru Parra, Industria, Comercio y Turismo. Incorporó en la conselleria de Presidencia a Rafael Blasco Castany; Antonio Birlanga Casanova en Economía y Hacienda; Miguel A. Millana Sansaturi…

1982. Publicaciones, materiales y documentos de Las elecciones del cambio. 28 de octubre de 1982. El triunfo del PSOE: 10.134.310 de votos (48,4%) y …

2014

Recoge publicaciones, materiales y documentos que han servido para redactar "Las elecciones del cambio. 28 de octubre de 1982. El triunfo del PSOE: 10.134.310 de votos (48,4%) y 202 diputados. La hegemonía socialista", primera parte de la serie "La hegemonía socialista en la Comunidad Valenciana. El PSPV-PSOE. 1982-1995", que aparecen en Roderic como publicación digital de Roderic, Universitat de València. Entre los documentos hay ejemplares de revistas como Tiempo, Diario 16, Cambio, y El Socialista de la época; publicaciones del PSOE como "Hacia el cambio. 100 días de gobierno", "365 días de gobierno socialista. Un año de esperanza", "Felipe González. De Suresnes a la Moncloa", o la "Guía…